文法淺釋系列 (29 )

文法淺釋系列 (29 )

38) 隨身攜帶某物該如何說?

應說：sb (人) +Vt+ (物) + with+ 受格(人稱代名詞)， 不可接反身代名詞 (-self)：常見的及物動詞為：

“take, have, get, bring”等

Next time you go into the woods, bring a knife with you.  下次進入森林時，隨身

帶把小刀。

I don’t have a pen with me; will a pencil do?  Yes, it will do. (我未帶筆，鉛筆行嗎? 行。)

答句用 it will do.  It = the + pencil，指已提過的特定名詞；而one = a + n.，則指泛指性的名詞。

** 比較：

a.     Do you have a pen?  Yes, I have one. 你有筆? 我有。

b.    We’re looking for a rewarding career and searching for a way to energize the one 

we already have. 我們正尋找一 個有益的事業，並尋找使我們這個已擁有的

事業有活力的方法。(the one =the career)

c. The greatest mistake you can make in life is to continually fear you will make one在人生中你犯的最大錯誤就是，不斷地害怕會犯錯。(one= a mistake)                         

2. a +形容詞+ one (ones)：.

a. For some marines, the next battlefield is an emotional one. 對某些陸戰隊員，下一個戰場是感情的戰場---即和自己的感情交戰。

b. There are three pandas in the cage; one white one, and two black ones. 籠子內有三隻熊猫；一隻白色的；兩隻黑色的。   

     

3. the one = that (the +單數名詞); the ones = those (the +複數名詞)

比較：

The pen I bought is more expensive than the one (=that) you have.                     

The pens I bought are more expensive than the ones (=those) you have.我買的筆比

你的貴。但，也有不用指示代名詞：

Tonight you said that the politics of lifting people up beats the politics of tearing people down. 今晚你們說激發人們的政治，打敗了打垮人們的政治。

39) each other; one another 指兩個或兩個以上之人或物之間 「互相」稱為 reciprocal pronoun(相互代名詞) 但，each other 強調「雙方之間」：

Joe and I are going to find out what each other is like. (Joe和我會去發覺彼此之共同點。) 

比較：

We know what each other wants. = We know each what the other wants. = Each 

of us knows what the other wants. 我們知道彼此的需要。

We don’t want us to get on each other’s nerves. 我們不想把彼此弄得緊張兮兮。

“Men often know one another’s deepest feelings by a look or a nod, not by talking.”

人們通常借著瞧一眼或點頭而不是談話，來瞭解彼此間最深厚

的感情。

40) 人稱代名詞的格應與其同位的名詞一致：

For the first time, Robert and I are filing income tax forms by ourselves. (Robert 和我首次獨自申報所得稅)。ourselves  為反身代名詞， 此處與Robert and I 

(複合主詞) 地位一致，但，I myself will take care of it. 我要親自處理它。myself 作加強語氣用。

41) 避免混淆的代名詞用法：

I forgot my umbrella and my flashlight.  When I thought about my forgetfulness, I laughed. (我忘了雨傘和手電筒。想到我的健忘就笑起來)。

forgetfulness指整件 健忘之事；不宜用 it 代替它，因it在此處可指umbrella或 f

lashlight，意思恐欠明白。

42) 接在 many與much(不定代名詞) 後動詞的單複數用法：

a. many  pro. 代名詞，(指可數的複數名詞) = many +複數名詞

Many respond to our requests for volunteers. (許多人回應我們徵用義工的請求)。

b. much  pro. 代名詞，(指不可數的名詞)，後接單數動詞：

Much was expected, but little was gained.  期待很多，但實際收穫不多。

09/02/2013

Justin Lai  編著

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