2016年2月29日 星期一
大法官過世遺下的問題 (3)
大法官過世遺下的問題 (3)
Results in key cases could change with Scalia's
death-隨著史大法官的過世，主要案件的判決結果，可能有所改變。
且看歐巴馬總統在白宮布落格上，對此事的聲明與看法
A Responsibility I Take Seriously
本人鄭重承擔的責任
The Constitution vests in the President the power to appoint judges to the Supreme Court. It’s a duty that I take seriously, and one that I will fulfill in the weeks ahead.
It’s also one of the most important decisions that a President will make. Rulings handed down by the Supreme Court directly affect our economy, our security, our rights, and our daily lives.
Needless to say, this isn’t something I take lightly. It’s a decision to which I devote considerable time, deep reflection, careful deliberation, and serious consultation with legal experts, members of both political parties, and people across the political spectrum. And with thanks to SCOTUSblog for allowing me to guest post today, I thought I’d share somespoiler-free insights into what I think about before appointing the person who will be our next Supreme Court Justice.
First and foremost, the person I appoint will be eminently qualified. He or she will have anindependent mind, rigorous intellect, impeccable credentials, and a record of excellence and integrity. I’m looking for a mastery of the law, with an ability to hone in on the key issues before the Court, and provide clear answers to complex legal questions.
Second, the person I appoint will be someone who recognizes the limits of the judiciary’s role; who understands that a judge’s job is to interpret the law, not make the law. I seek judges who approach decisions without any particular ideology or agenda, but rather a commitment to impartial justice, a respect for precedent, and a determination to faithfully apply the law to the facts at hand.
But I’m also mindful that there will be cases that reach the Supreme Court in which the law is not clear. There will be cases in which a judge’s analysis necessarily will be shaped by his or her own perspective, ethics, and judgment. That’s why the third quality I seek in a judge is a keen understanding that justice is not about abstract legal theory, nor some footnote in a dusty casebook. It’s the kind of life experience earned outside the classroom and the courtroom; experience that suggests he or she views the law not only as an intellectual exercise, but also grasps the way it affects the daily reality of people’s lives in a big, complicated democracy, and in rapidly changing times. That, I believe, is an essential element for arriving at just decisions and fair outcomes.
A sterling record. A deep respect for the judiciary’s role. An understanding of the way the world really works. That’s what I’m considering as I fulfill my constitutional duty to appoint a judge to our highest court. And as Senators prepare to fulfill their constitutional responsibility to consider the person I appoint, I hope they’ll move quickly to debate and then confirm this nominee so that the Court can continue to serve the American people at full strength.
前排左二為已故大法官
Editor’s Comment: 編譯者看法：
A) As Justice Scalia was a conservative, who often plays an important role in decision, the President is now in a dilemma of nomination. Should Obama nominate another conservative, favoring the Republican Senate? That is the last thing he would do. Should he nominate a liberal? It would make Democrat unhappy. Should he nominate a moderate? It will make bi-partisans happy? Or should he nominate a Latino-American? Of course, the Republicans will not likely show disapproval, arousing Latino’s antipathy. Or a minority Asian?
B) 美國總統有權提名大法官人選，但同意權在共和黨控制的參議院。要提名保守派或自由派? 或少數族裔，歐巴馬陷入「數難」之中……。若總統任期內產生不了，只得留給下任決定，不論是共和黨或民主黨。
但最近有人猜測，歐巴馬有意提名共和黨員 (Brian Sandova-墨西哥裔) 來反將共和黨一軍。桑多瓦1994年踏入政壇，當選州議員；1999年出任內華達州博弈委員會（Gaming Commission of Nevada）主席，監管拉斯維加斯、雷諾（Reno）等地的賭博業：2002年當選州檢察長；2005年被小布希總統提名出任聯邦法官，參議院全票通過；2010年當選內華達州長，2014年輕鬆連任。
在共和黨內，對於婦女人工流產（墮胎）選擇權、同性婚姻合法化、鬆綁移民法規等敏感社會議題，桑多瓦算是溫和派。去年聯邦最高法院祭出歷史性判決，讓全美各州的同性伴侶可以合法結婚，桑多瓦主政的內華達州也從善如流。對於歐巴馬推行的健保改革，桑多瓦則是有條件配合。但Sandova曾經多次與工會交鋒，堅決反對加強槍枝管制，這些背景都讓自由派坐立不安。
全文完
Justin Lai 編譯
02/29/2016
2016年2月28日 星期日
最昂貴的軍用飛機、艦艇-
WHICH ARE THE 10 MOST EXPENSIVE MILITARY VEHICLES-最昂貴的軍用飛機、艦艇-
10. 印度購自蘇俄的航空母艦-價值23億5仟萬美元-重44,500噸，932呎長，200呎寬，可載
2,000人
9. B-2隱形轟炸機-值24億美金
8. 蘇俄製, 中國購買(2億元)，正準備改裝成第二遼寧號航母-現值24億美金
7. Virginia Class 潛水艇-25億元
6. 最新型兩棲攻擊艦-34億元
5. 法國戴高樂航母-40億
4. 英國皇家核子潛水艇-55億
3. Zumwat級驅逐艦-70億元
2. 英國伊麗莎白號航空母艦, 續航力10,000浬-93億
1. 美國福特號航空母艦-$130億元- 可載5,000戰鬥人員-船長
1公里，雷達佔測不到
Justin Lai 編
02/28/2016
主日禱告與靈修的話-25
主日禱告與靈修的話-25
I. 靈修的話
My book of Books 「眾書之首」
There is a Bible by my bed 床邊有一本聖經
That’s comforting each time it’s read; 每讀完一篇就感欣慰
It’s therapy when I feel lost, 它治癒我的心神失落時。
Advice that comes without a cost. 它免費提供忠言
This Holy Book tells what to do 聖經教我行為準繩
When I feel all alone and blue; 當我孤單與傷心時；
It’s a road map every day 它是每日的指路圖
That one should follow all the way. 引導沿路應遵循的。
There’re full instructions on each page 每頁均有詳細的指示
That never changes with the age; 它不因時代而改變；
It’s written plain and all is true, 所述易懂又真實，
That tells exactly what to do. 教我們該做之事。
It is the Book of Books for sure, 它無疑乃眾書之首
The one that opens up the door 它開啟我被告知的
Into eternal life I’m told, 永生之門，
Where no ever shall grow old. 在永生之界，眾人永生不老。
By Katherine Smith Matheney
Condensed from Salesian Inspirational Books
II.聖經研究：
A. 中譯經文主題：
「他憐憫敬畏他的人，直到世世代代。」-路加福音1:50
「他用膀臂施展大能，那狂妄的人、正心裏狂想、就被他趕散了。」
-路加福音1:51
B. 英譯版本之比較：
1) 50 -And his mercy is unto generations and generations On them that fear him.
51- He hath showed strength with his arm; He hath scattered the proud in theimagination of their heart. – American Standard Version
註：本版本與中譯本極接近。世世代代之英譯，大都用generation to generation，唯此本用generations and generations；showed strength with his arm , 展現大力；the proud = the proud people(亦可譯為自豪的人)，但應與狂妄有區別。妄想用imagination，而不用hallucination或lunacy，不懂其因。又為何要趕散他們? 為何不何無形的精神感召的力量?
2) 50- He always shows mercy to everyone who worships him.
51 -The Lord has used his powerful arm to scatter those who are proud. –Contemporary English Version
註：本版本之英譯簡明
3) 50 -And his mercy is on them that fear him from generation to generation.
51- He hath showed strength with his arm; he hath scattered the proud in theimagination of their hearts. – King James Version.
註：from generation to generation，是指世代畏懼他? 而非世代憐憫他。
4) 50- And His mercy (His compassion and kindness toward the miserable and afflicted) is on those who fear Him with godly reverence, from generation to generation and age to age – (Ps. 103:17)-Amplified Bible
註：本版本用miserable 與afflicted表達身心痛苦的人；另外用godly reverence -虔誠敬畏之心，比其他版本更明確，但，from generation to generation and age to age，在句中之位置看來，似乎在修飾fear，即世世代代的畏懼，而非代代的憐憫。。
5) 50- And his mercy is from generation to generations for those who fear him. He has accomplished powerful deeds with his arm.
51- He has scattered the arrogant in the intentions of their heart. -Catholic Public Domain Version.
註：本版本更詳細地用accomplished powerful deeds with his arm，如同中譯之「大能」。the arrogant = the very proud指高傲的人。用intentions, 表示狂妄想法，與其他版有極大之不同。按intentions, 應僅表示意圖、意念。
綜合上述，原中譯本、1) 及5) 強調「世代的憐憫」；2) 與4) 強調「世代的敬畏」。以下a. b. 兩種譯法，似乎皆合乎邏輯。有時以片段方式，解釋聖經，常會有不同的見解，因欠缺時間、典故等之連貫。天主教對聖經譯述可能較有統一的版本，但聖言會、耶穌會、方濟會、母祐會等則也許不一定；至於基督教則更難說。玆重譯上述兩節中文如下：
a. 50- 「凡世世代代敬畏主的人，就會得到衪的憐憫」。
b. 「凡敬畏主的人，就會世世代代代獲得憐憫」。-50 (中譯本是唯一用「直到」兩字，強 調永續不斷，不知為何?)
51- 「衪已施展強大的力量，驅散心存妄想的高傲人士」。
謹此就教於飽學聖經之士，敬請惠予指教。
Justin Lai (賴正雄) 編譯
02/28/2016
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