文法淺釋 (35)

文法淺釋系列 (35)

文法(grammar)與句型(sentence patterns)

二. 形容詞 ( Adjective)- 形容名詞或代名詞

5) born 與borne 均源自bear，發音相同，但用法有別：

1. bear  vt 生 bore  born

  bear  vt 生； 忍受  bore  borne

  bore  vt 令人厭煩  bored  bored

2. be + born + 任何介係詞 (by 除外)…. “出生於…” 

                

 A. He was born into a rich family in a small village in1990. 他在1990年出生於一

 個小村莊富裕家庭。=He was born with a silver spoon in his mouth…含

金湯匙出生。=He was born to rich parents…出生富裕家庭. 。

【比較】：

a. His principal wife, she bore him four sons, all of whom were successful.

作為正房夫人，她為他生了四個小孩，個個都成功。

b. Western civilization, in its best sense was born with promenade. 以最佳意義解釋，西方文明與生就與走路有關。

B. be born .亦可作 “天生” 解   

   

a. None is born knowing how to control 125 adolescents for five hours a day and teach the curriculum at the same time.                         

無人天生知道，如何一天五小時一邊管教125位青少年，另一邊授課。                 

b. It is said that Picasso is a born painter.據說畢卡索是位天生的畫家。

c. He is a ~ gambler with a sixth sense for sniffing out value.他是位天生的賭徒

-能嗅出價值的第六感。

d. If you are a born Pygmy, then you have to live a Pygmy. 如果是天生的矮人，

就得過矮人的生活。                                                     

3. sb +be borne by sb. (被…人所生) ：

He was borne by an Italian mother.他母親是義大利人。

l Mrs. Smith has borne half a dozen children. 史密斯夫人生了六個小孩。

The new teacher cannot be borne (endured) any longer.我們無法再忍受新老師。

He has indeed borne many hardships these months. (幾個月來他的確忍受了許多困苦)。

* stand 與 bear乃普遍的用法，endure 則語氣較强。

*bear resemblance to   像….= resemble

Herding dogs bear frightening resemblance to wolves. 獵犬極像狼犬，令人生畏。

*bear relationship to 與…相關 (be related to)

Cruelty bears an intimate relationship to stupidity as well as to intelligence.

殘暴與愚蠢和聰明有密切關係。    

                                                                 

This must be borne in mind; it cannot be ruled out.  此事應牢記；不可加以排除。

Note: not….rule + sth + out (不排除exclude即會考慮做..) 近年來許多中文表達即 源於此一片語。

We do not rule out the possibility that we negotiate with them = We may take into consideration the possibility that we negotiate with them 我們不排除 (會考慮) 和他們磋商的可能性。

《As to the future, I rule nothing in and nothing out,” said

 President Bush after commuting the aid’s 2 year and a half prison

term. 》

在布希總統減去他助理兩年半的刑期之後，說：「至於未來，

我有可能不會考慮，也有可能會考慮此事。

(rule + 事+ in = include包含；rule in 與~ out 同時出現是罕見佳句，誰說

小布希英文菜！)

4. bored 與boring 用法之分別：

人+ be (feel) bored: 對….感厭煩的人：

We are bored by his repeated complaints. 對他一再的抱怨我們感厭煩。

 *  bored audience 感到厭煩的觀眾； boring soap operas 令人厭煩的肥皂劇

(早期非黃金時段的電視節目如烹飪、園藝等，供婦女邊洗衣邊觀看以打發時間)

It is such a boring story that students feel bored to death.這故事令人如此厭煩，以致學生們感到十分厭煩。

Justin Lai 編著

09/23/2013

AACHW13