字源/字根相同字

字詞研究 (46)

第二章：字源/字根相同字 (Words with Identical Roots) ：

1) absent / absence:

1.     absent a. 缺席的； be ~ from class 缺席 absent vt. ~ oneself from class

缺席；* present oneself at class 出席；absentee 缺席

The judge finds absence of malice in his attempt to save her. 法官發現他要解救

她的企圖並未懷有惡意。

【注意】：

~ of + n.  乏缺； ~ of malice 缺乏(沒有) 惡意；千萬不可譯為「惡意的缺席」

in one’s ~  = while one + be absent 當…不在時

In the ~ of the sheriff, the deputy took his place. 當警長不在時，副警長取代他。

*presence n. 出席；出現；absence 之相反詞

We still have this notion that ~ equals productivity. 我們仍有這個想法，認為出席

上班就等於有生產力。

The ~ of the police in the nick of time is a welcome sight. 員警及時出現令人欣喜。

2) abuse / misuse/ disuse:

以上為以use結尾的字，易於混淆：

1. abuse v. n. 濫用~ power (權力) 虐待；淩辱；~ + 人 (children); child ~

a.     The famous singer was accused of abusing a child. 這位名歌星被控虐待

兒童。

b.     The dictator’s repressive rule from 1973~90 made him infamous around the

world for human right ~ s. 這位獨裁者自1973迄1990的高壓統治，使他以

虐待人權之惡名昭彰於世。

c.      Those thought most likely to ~ the immigration system, individuals applying

for marriage or student visas, will be the first to apply for the cards, which will

be issued from later this week. 被認為最有可能濫用移民法，與申請結婚或

學生護照的個人，會首先申請將於本周稍後發放的卡。

2. misuse n. v. use wrongly; treat badly 誤用；虐待

International ~ of this card is unlawful and will make the offender liable to

penalty.在國際間誤用本卡是非法的，且使用者會受罰。

3. disuse n. 不用 (the state of no longer being used) 事+ fall into ~ 廢而不用

；a ~ d well  廢井

3) admission / admittance:

admission 與 admittance 源自 admit [ Dd'm0t ]  v 准許進入或入學

1.     admittance  n.入場，多半指“有形” 的進入某場所；free

~ 免費入場 grant (refuse)  + 人+ ~ to + 地方: 准許 (拒絕) 進入…

A sign at the gate reads “No Admittance.” 大門上有一塊牌子寫著

“閑人免進”。

2. admission [ Dd'm0NDn ] n.入會；入學 ~ ticket 入場卷

A ~ to prestigious colleges is getting harder and harder. 名校入學愈來愈難。

For less than the price of two single-day tickets you can get unlimited ~ to Sea

World.

用不到兩張單日入場卷價錢，你可以無限次數入場參觀海上世界表演。          

* 供認 ~ of an guilt 認罪 。admit v. 承認 ~ (to) +V-ing ；~ (of) + n. 容許

Justin Lai編著

12/11/2013

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