文法淺釋系列 (83)
文法(grammar)與句型(sentence patterns)
六、 語態
(Voice) ：
6) 及物動詞片語若含 Vt+ obj, 有兩種被動語態型式：
1. 把 受詞 (obj)拿來作被動句之主詞 ：
a. We take notice of
the misspelt words.
=Notice is taken of
the misspelt words. 我們注意到拚錯的字。
We must pay attention to
the correct deadline.
=Attention must be paid
to the correct deadline. (應注意正確截止日期)。
b. People lay importance
on punctuality.
= Importance is laid
on punctuality 人們重視守時的重要。
**attach importance to
+ 事 (重視)
Every
day 10,000 people die of water-related diseases. Water is not a privilege; it’s a basic human
need that must be provided by law. This is the moment of truth.- Mikhail S. Gorbachev, former Soviet
president.
每天有一萬人死於與水有關的疾病。水並非一項特權；它是必須由法律
提供的一種人類需要。這是真理的契機。 ( -戈巴契夫,
前蘇聯總統)
2. 把整個片語當作一個及物 (Vt) 動詞 ：
a. They pay no heed to
those orders. 他們未注意那些命令。
=Those orders are paid no heed to =No
heed is paid to those orders.
b. Those wounded soldiers are
taken special care of. 那些傷兵受到
特別照顧。
=They take special care of
those wounded soldiers.
= Special care is taken of
those wounded soldiers.
7) A chandelier hangs (is hung) from the ceiling, adding beauty to the
parlor. (豪華水晶吊燈從天花板垂掛下來，而增加客廳的美)。
a. hang (懸掛) 指物 其過去式及過去分詞為 hung hung ：
(adding = and adds)
A picture was hung against
the wall. 一幅畫掛在牆壁上。*比較：
A rope is hanging from
the chimney. 一條繩子從煙懸掛下來。
*Justice O’Connor retires; direction of court now ~s
in the balance.大法官奧康諾女士退休; 最高法庭的導向現在無法確定。
b. hang (絞刑) 其對像是人，其過去式及過去分詞為 hanged hanged：
The prisoner was hanged
early at dawn. 囚犯在黎明時正法。
a hanging tree = a tree
for hanging (早期美國西部用來執刑死囚之樹)
** 動用私刑之絞刑為 lynch vt.
07/07/2014
Justin Lai編
文法(grammar)與句型(sentence patterns)
六、 語態
(Voice) ：
6) 及物動詞片語若含 Vt+ obj, 有兩種被動語態型式：
1. 把 受詞 (obj)拿來作被動句之主詞 ：
a. We take notice of
the misspelt words.
=Notice is taken of
the misspelt words. 我們注意到拚錯的字。
We must pay attention to
the correct deadline.
=Attention must be paid
to the correct deadline. (應注意正確截止日期)。
b. People lay importance
on punctuality.
= Importance is laid
on punctuality 人們重視守時的重要。
**attach importance to
+ 事 (重視)
Every
day 10,000 people die of water-related diseases. Water is not a privilege; it’s a basic human
need that must be provided by law. This is the moment of truth.- Mikhail S. Gorbachev, former Soviet
president.
每天有一萬人死於與水有關的疾病。水並非一項特權；它是必須由法律
提供的一種人類需要。這是真理的契機。 ( -戈巴契夫,
前蘇聯總統)
2. 把整個片語當作一個及物 (Vt) 動詞 ：
a. They pay no heed to
those orders. 他們未注意那些命令。
=Those orders are paid no heed to =No
heed is paid to those orders.
b. Those wounded soldiers are
taken special care of. 那些傷兵受到
特別照顧。
=They take special care of
those wounded soldiers.
= Special care is taken of
those wounded soldiers.
7) A chandelier hangs (is hung) from the ceiling, adding beauty to the
parlor. (豪華水晶吊燈從天花板垂掛下來，而增加客廳的美)。
a. hang (懸掛) 指物 其過去式及過去分詞為 hung hung ：
(adding = and adds)
A picture was hung against
the wall. 一幅畫掛在牆壁上。*比較：
A rope is hanging from
the chimney. 一條繩子從煙懸掛下來。
*Justice O’Connor retires; direction of court now ~s
in the balance.大法官奧康諾女士退休; 最高法庭的導向現在無法確定。
b. hang (絞刑) 其對像是人，其過去式及過去分詞為 hanged hanged：
The prisoner was hanged
early at dawn. 囚犯在黎明時正法。
a hanging tree = a tree
for hanging (早期美國西部用來執刑死囚之樹)
** 動用私刑之絞刑為 lynch vt.
07/07/2014
Justin Lai編
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