2016年2月5日 星期五

東西方對生死的觀點 (2)

東西方對生死的觀點 (2)

I. Life is not as simple as man has just made it out to be.
  生命不像人類剛剛獲得成就的事那麼簡單。』

*生命應含許多仍待探討的事,人不可自滿。

J. To look inside oneself is to open up an even more fantastical realm.
 澈底認清自己,就是開啓一座更神奇的國度。

*要不斷自我省思,此觀點與東方修身哲學-「吾日三省吾身」略近,但後者注重省悟與思過,前者則重視認識自己,看清並瞭解自己。通常我們對他人的瞭解遠勝自己,因為人的眼睛長在前面,對他人一清二楚,對自己的缺點則是盲目的。所以,
One is unable to slip out from behind one’s eyes to gaze back upon oneself.
『我們無法溜到眼睛後面,從後面看我們自己。』

1)    對死亡的看法

     Image result for 死亡
A.    Call no man happy until he dies.Our happiness must not be judged until after our death.
蓋棺論定-不該死後才判斷一個人一生過得快不快樂。

*東方人認為『功成名立之時,當觀其末路』;西方人以為,All is well that ends well好頭不如好尾-台灣諺語』

B.     “Learning how to die is learning how to let go; learning to live is learning to hang on.”
學會怎麼死,就是學會怎麼放下;學會如何生存,則是學會撐下去。』

*死是放棄當下,生則是熬下去;死是短暫的,生則是漫長的道路,顯然「死易而生難」

C.    Life is more difficult than death; instead of passive surrender, it takes attention and management.
生比死難,死是被動的放棄,生則需注意與經營管理。』

*這點比東方人更獨到。台灣人有句俗語:『娶媒師仔-(徒弟就會)飼媒師父-(需師父本領)-意謂討老婆是輕易的,一般徒弟就會,養老婆則需師父,要靠謀生本領。前者是短暫的,一時的,後者則是長久的』但,

D.     Man who dies well tends to be remembered as if he lived well.” 
得到好死的人,傾向於被懷念為,生前彷彿過得好

*如何謂之好死,恐不易下定義,是否毫無病痛,自然死亡(壽終正寢-die a natural death)? 抑或指死後用豪華鋪張葬禮送行謂之? 有人生前豐功偉業,榮華富貴一生,却遭橫禍而亡(die an accidental death) ,死於非命,也有人窮苦潦倒一生,卻自然蒙主「寵召」-享受「睡死的甜美」,安祥地走。

E.     Dying is not an action that can be prepared for; it is aimless reverie.”
死亡並非可以事先預備的動作,它是漫無目標的白日夢。』

*天有不測風雲,生死由命-這是東方式較保守的看法。東方舊傳統有所謂『視死如歸』的「愚忠、愚孝」想法,恐非西方人所能瞭解。又東方人有推崇或貶抑死亡之意義,如『死有重於泰山,輕於鴻毛』。西方人則重視: “Someone dies happy/unhappy.” (死時是否快樂)

F.     Death might be a tranquil affair for the person undergoing it.”
對於正在死亡的人,死亡也許是一件安靜之事。』

*死亡的感受,是痛苦或沒有知覺? 惟有當事人才體會得到。
*東方人對死刑的執行法,從前古代用砍頭、腰斬、活埋、或分屍,現代大都用槍斃,犯人無其他選擇。西方人尤其是美國,則依各州自定的法律,除槍決外,另有坐電椅(electric chair)、絞刑(hanging) 、進媒氣室(gas chamber) 等可供選擇,真不愧是自由
國家。

                      Image result for steve jobs
   

喬布斯說你的時間有限,別浪費時間過別人一樣的生活。別被人教去受覊絆,就是過別人思考結果的生活。別讓別人的意見淹溺你內在的聲音。更重要的是,要有勇氣依照你的心與本能做事。它們多少已知道你真正想要變成什麽樣的人。此外其他事情都是次要。』-言下之意略含嘲笑同行的比爾蓋玆(微軟),缺少創新 (innovation)

G.    Man shall show neither fear of Hell nor desire for Heaven. 人不必害怕入地獄,也別渴望進天堂。』

*東方人以為不論死後是進天堂或下地獄,反正咎由自取。另告誡人們勤修品德:『天堂無則已,有則君子登,地獄無則已,有則小人入』,小人與君子如何界定? 是憑其生前作為?畢竟天堂與地獄,均不過是人類所想像的兩極化之區域界限而已,但含勸善止惡之意。又東方人想像的天堂只有一層,地獄却有十八層之多。

結論
的確,東西方對人生哲學觀點有許多不謀而合之處,例如,東方人主張,生不帶來死不帶去,不必斤斤計較,得讓人且讓人,慷慨施捨,救濟他人。如:
「徑路窄處留一步與人行,滋味濃處減三分讓人嚐」西方人也有類似說法:
“Blessed are those who give something away”『佈施者有福』。
“He who gives money gives much, he who gives time gives more, but he who gives of himself gives all." — Pres. Monson
凡奉献金錢者,奉献了許多,凡奉献時間者,奉献更多,而奉献自己者,等於奉献了一切。』As a well-spent day brings happy sleep, so does well-used life bring happy death.過得好規劃的日子帶來好睡眠,同樣善加利用的日子
也會帶來快樂的死亡。

*但佛家的理念是『財富是果,佈施是因』,強調因果關係,寄托現在的佈施於將來的致富,似乎不太崇高,因為佈施是高尚、自發性的慈善行為,自不應含對價關係。

 Image result for 財富與佈施

Justin Lai (賴正雄) 2012年寫於美國

02/02/2016重修於美國加州




2016年2月4日 星期四

幸福夫妻之間

幸福夫妻之間

Image result for husband and wife

夫貴而妻榮,自古只有旺夫之說,沒有旺婦之言。所以有一個 好老婆在身邊,對男人說是很重要的....
 好女人、蠢女人往往在一線之隔
你身邊有沒有這種極品呢 ?讓我們接下去看看... 
 你會喜歡 哪種女人..?
蠢女人:盯著男人的缺點,老是生氣;好女人:欣賞男人的優點,很是開心。

蠢女人:貶男人——其實貶老公就是貶自己;好女人:讚男人——其實誇男人便是炫自己!
蠢女人:不分場合與男人吵,讓男人丟臉;好女人:在外給足男人面子,私下裡交流。

 會做「家人」的女人,才長久...

蠢女人:對娘家人關愛有加,對婆家人冷若冰霜;好女人:對婆家人關愛有加,感動夫婿關愛娘家人。

蠢女人:不停地嘮叨那些陳年舊事;好女人:與男人一起憧憬美好未來。

蠢女人:抓住男人過錯不放,以為自己看透了男人的本質;好女人:總會設法包容男人,把男人比作永遠長不大的孩子

會做「情人」的女人才吸引人...

蠢女人:會說 「你給我滾!」好女人:會說 「別離開我!」

蠢女人:把男人當彈弓,拉得越緊飛得遠;好女人:把男人當風箏,悠然牽著手中線。

蠢女人:過於強調自我;好女人:善於寄託依靠。

蠢女人:對男人寸步不離;好女人:和男人若即若離。

會過自己生活的女人,才可愛...

傻女人:知道洗衣做飯,不願梳妝打扮;好女人:不僅洗衣做飯,而且精心打扮。

傻女人:帶給男人壓抑和壓力;好女人:帶給男人激情和動力。

傻女人:讓男人在她淚水中失敗;好女人:讓男人在她笑容中成功!

那一個好女人
對男人的影響有多大呢....??

老法師說:老婆發脾氣越多,丈夫就會越衰

老婆越溫柔如水,丈夫就會越旺。什麼原因呢?
面相學家根據面相找到旺夫相的女人,比如圓潤,有光澤,柔和等等,
都不是根本的原因,也做不到百分百的準確。
現在,從佛法的角度跟大家談談根本的原因—— 傳統文化認為,女人是水做的,而水為財,是故,女人天生就是財命。

 這裡的女人,是指所有的女人,而不是個別的女人。
而男人的財,只是掩藏在五行水中,這個水,只是一小部分而已。
所以,對於男人來講,有一句話叫「成家立業」。
只有成家了,才能立業,才能真正立下偉大的豐功偉業。
所以,男人需要一個女人來旺自己才可以立業,所以一個成功的男人背後總有一個為之奉獻的女人。

比起面相好壞、命格合不合..不如 有一個好的「牽手」,互相扶持!

才是真的旺夫又旺妻唷~


02/04/16






2016年2月3日 星期三

Noted Churches in the world (2)

Outstanding architecture of famous churches in the world

Churches, cathedrals and other places of worship. All denominations welcome! (2)

Beautiful and interesting places of worship.

Catedral Metropolitana de San Luis, Mexico

                     Mexico

                               St Joseph's Church , Podgorze, Krakow, Poland

                                                      Poland

St. Augustine & St. John Church, Dublin.

                     Dublin

                                      Baclaran ChurchThe National Shrine of Our Mother of Perpetual Help, also known as the Redemptorist church, popularly known as the Baclaran church is one of the largest Marian churches in the Philippines

                                                     The Philipines

Basilica della Salute, Venice, Italy

Venice

                                  "Basilique Notre-Dame de Montréal" is a basilica in the historic district of Old Montreal, in Montreal, Quebec ( my 2010 trip, photo by Hansol Kim )

                                        Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Basilique du Sacré coeur. Paris. France

Paris

                                       Benedictine Monastery Church ~ Blaubeuren, Germany

                                          Monastery Church, Germany

Inside the Duomo in Florence, Italy. This and other must-see places to see in Florence. #art #europe #cathedrals

Florence, Italy

                              Interior St. Patrick's Cathedral. Dulbin, IRELAND.

                                              Dublin, Ireland

02/03/2016

俄羅斯的雪!

俄羅斯的雪!

02/03/2016

共和、民主兩黨在外交政策上之別

Basic Difference betw. Republicans & 
Democrats-共和、民主兩黨在外交政策上之別
Reps are from the heart; Demts are from the head
共和黨意氣之爭;民主黨訴諸理智

“There is a wisdom of the head,” Charles Dickens wrote, “and a wisdom of the heart.” Judging by the evidence of the last few weeks, those two wisdoms are running against each other in the U.S. presidential election, particularly when it comes to foreign policy.
Of course, head versus heart is a political battle that dates back to Plato at least. Over the long term we know it always results in a stalemate, usually somewhere around the jugular vein. Effective governance ultimately needs to both inspire the population and function in reality. But in the short term, the head/heart distinction may be the key to understanding the appeal of various candidates and the contours of the general election. 
The Brainiac 絕頂聰明者
Head wisdom seeks to persuade through analysis and facts. Hillary Clinton’s testimony before the House Select Committee on Benghazi was a display of head wisdom—though also, undeniably, stamina—in its finest form. A fair share of the media coverage pointed to her “calm demeanor,” “measured tones,” and “clear knowledge of foreign policy questions.” Detailed answers, impeccable logic—all wrapped in enough figures and bureaucratic jargon (“CODEL,” ISAT process,” “QDDR,” “ARB reports,” “SVTS”) to send policy wonks into paroxysms of joy.
And so, particularly after her performance in the October 13 Democratic debate and in front of the Benghazi committee, she is the clear frontrunner in the Democratic (head) primary. But it is a safe bet that not many made it through all 11 hours of testimony and few found inspiration in any of it.
The excitables易被激怒者
Last night’s Republican debate was a very different affair. Republicans—and particularly the frontrunners Donald Trump and Ben Carson—aren’t really running on any specific policies, even if they do allude to a few. They are seeking to appeal at a different level. The wisdom of the heart seeks to motivate through emotion and inspiration. 
But facts don’t appeal to the wisdom of the heart. Vague anger and frustration does. So, Trump lamented, “Our country doesn't win anymore. We used to win, we don't win anymore. We lose on trade. We lose with ISIS. We lose with one of the worst deals I've ever seen negotiated of any kind, that's our recent catastrophe with Iran. We don't win.”
The Republicans in general, as the opposition party, are seeking to tap into a broad albeit inchoate sense of anger at the political establishment. Donald Trump especially is pure heart wisdom—his supporters struggle to even explain in policy terms why they like him. The winner of the Republican (heart) primary will carry that emotional banner into the general election, but whoever wins will struggle to convince the broader electorate of his or her competence.
Internal struggle內部爭論
There wasn’t much foreign policy in last night’s debate but it may end up being the key terrain where head and heart conflict in the general election. Polls suggest that foreign policy experts and the general public also tend to disagree along head/heart (respectively) lines. More experts than the general public tend to support increasing immigration to the United States, for instance, and fewer experts than the general public fear a U.S. war with Russia or China. Previous research has shown that the public tends to think it is “very important” for the United States to be tough with China on the economy and trade; experts, in contrast, are much more likely to favor building a mutually beneficial relationship with China. 
President Obama has, on issue after issue, given the public the foreign policy their heads claim to want. He has pulled back from wars in the Middle East and sought to avoid further entanglements there. He has privileged working with allies and using sanctions and diplomacy with Iran and Russia. When he has used force, as against ISIS, he has done so in a way that spared American soldiers and avoided extended commitments. But in satisfying their heads, President Obama seems to have lost their hearts. 
The growing sense of chaos in the world has fed a sense of insecurity, which even if not entirely rational, is laid at the feet of the president. In their hearts, the American people crave an overall sense of safety and security. Most of the Republican candidates have sought to profit from the vague sense of fear. Trump explicitly blamed Obama’s leadership for this predicament: “By the way, unlike our country where we're totally predictable and the enemy, whether it's ISIS or anybody else, they know exactly what we're doing because we have the wrong leadership.” Chris Christie, taking a similarly alarmist tone, declared: “We have ISIS and al-Qaida attacking us.” He wants to “get the government to do what they're supposed to be doing, secure our borders, protect our people.”
At the same time, in their heads, the public still seems to want to avoid the types of painful, costly commitments that American leadership in promoting global stability would seem to demand. The contradiction created will pose a challenge for both candidates of the head and the heart.
Who will tell the people? 誰願對民眾誠實以告?
Unsurprisingly, as policy wonks, we are head people. We get that Donald Trump isn’t the only one who doesn’t know the difference between the Quds and the Kurds—most Americans don’t either, and it’s not unreasonable to fear what you don’t know. So whoever wins the presidency will need to find a way to comfort the heart as well as to satisfy the head. But ultimately pandering to heartfelt—rather than brain-felt—fears can lead to rash, vague, or just bad policy prescriptions. Real leadership involves leveling with the public about what U.S. foreign policy can really achieve in a world that is often beyond American control—something we have seen precious little in this campaign. In politics, the heart usually wins; in policy, the head always does. (政治上,感情常嬴;政策上,理智獲勝。
·        By: Jeremy Shapiro
Jeremy Shapiro was a fellow in the Project on International Order and Strategy and the Center on the United States and Europe at Brookings. He was also the editor of the Foreign Policy program's blog Order from Chaos, a how-to guide for managing the end of the Post-Cold War Era. Prior to re-joining Brookings, he was a member of the U.S. State Department’s policy planning staff, where he advised the secretary of state on U.S. policy in North Africa and the Levant.

Justin Lai 選自網路

Comment (by Justin) : heart Vs. head

When you love someone, you could love him/her with all your heart, not all your head. When you are in confusion, use your head not your heart. When you apologize to someone, you say you are sorry from the bottom of your heart instead of your head. Someone might steal your heart, not your head. Keep your head rather than your heart when faced with a risk. When breaks his head, he might have a concussion. You leave someone for she breaks your heat. When someone stole your heart and cheat on you, you sang a broken-hearted melody. He looks at the pretty lady from head to toe, not from heart to toe. When you don’t understand something, you say you can’t make head or tail of it.  
Dear friends: head or heart? heart or head? It’s interesting and amusing, isn’t it?

02/24/2016

2016年2月2日 星期二

世界教會建築奇觀 (1)

Churches, cathedrals and other places of worship. All denominations welcome!

   世界教會建築奇觀 (1)-歡迎命名
Beautiful and interesting places of worship.

Old South Church. Boston, Massachusetts.
士頓
https://flic.kr/p/hiAhvU | Saint George Anglican Heritage Church, Montreal
Saint George Anglican Heritage Church, Montreal
St Pauls
St. Pauls
a very different cathedral. bath, uk.
UK
High Altar of the Maria am Gestade, Vienna, Austria
維也納
Kenai Russian Orthodox Church in alaska
Kenai Russian Orthodox Church in alaska
拉斯加
Gloucester Cathedral, UK. When you consider those ceilings were made with no power tools, it just takes your breath away.:
UK
Granada Cathedral, Nicaragua
尼加拉瓜
Catedral da Sé - Sao Paulo - Brazil (Thx Cristina)
巴西聖保羅
Glass Chapel at the Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs, CO. It's so pretty!!
科羅拉多州玻璃教會

02/02/2016

東西方對生死的觀點 (1)

東西方對生死的觀點 (1)

   「生與死」的圖片搜尋結果     

一般人對人生有種種看法,有相同也有相異之處,但無論如何人總得過其一生。一般而言,東方人重視各家學派的主張,如老莊哲學、道家、法家、儒家、佛家等,他們對我們生活影响很大,尤其是儒、佛、道三家偏重以天、地、人為主體,注重個人養身修心,雖有些地方趨向消極、保守或否定。西方的人生觀多以文、史、哲學家之看法及宗教觀點為主軸,且較注重人與物質的互動,例如美國作家海明威喜愛以親身經騐來瞭解人生,來詮釋人生。東西双方的人生觀無對與錯,兩種不同的文明皆曾創造輝煌的人類歷史,影响全世界,故不同人生觀或有可以互相借鏡之處。

「life or death」的圖片搜尋結果

玆就下列觀點加以探討比較

1)     對人生在世的看法:

A.    Our life is part folly, part wisdom. 人生聰明與糊塗参半。』-尤其是過度極端的人類行為,不免一半聰明,一半糊塗。希特勒提倡優生學,主張維護純種日耳曼種族,是聰明? 美國人是當今最流行黑白通婚與同性結婚 (same sex marriage)的國家,是流行是愚蠢? 是明智? 恐見仁見智。

*東方人主張凡事中庸,過猶不及,也肯定『人生難得裝糊塗』與『原來聰明亦糊塗』的看法;又主張『裝瘋作儍』,裝笨並非完全不好,有時確可卸下別人心防而有利成事,但不一定指虛偽做作 (affectation)所謂「半聾半啞半糊塗,半智半愚半聖賢」。

Not everyone can have the benefit of being insane, but anyone can make life easier for themselves by turning down the beam of their reason slightly.”
並非人人都可得到發瘋的益處,但藉著輕微調低理智的光茫,可以把生活變得簡易。』 所謂「輕微調低理智的光茫」-意指裝笨一點。所謂『人生如戲』,真真假假,假假真真,何必認真西方的看法是,『人生就是個舞台』(The world is a stage.)-人人都須粉墨登場,演得好壞是另一回事,反正是戲一塲,也總有劇終人散的一天,何必把它看得太複雜,因此他們還主張
Learning to live ‘appropriately’ is the great and glorious masterpiece of human life”
『學會適當過日子,才是人生偉大與光耀的傑作』。所謂「適當」應指「中庸適度地過活」-應含物質與精神生活。東方人主張生活不必太計較,得過且過,台灣人則認為「人生海海」。

B.      “If you fail to grasp life, it will elude you. 如果你未能抓住人生,它就會離你而去。』

*意謂珍惜人生,保握人生(make the most of life),享受人生。人生短暫,及時行樂(Enjoy while you can.) 應無不可。另例:
Kiss me while we are young, for death lasts a long time.”
   『趁我們年輕時吻我,因為死亡要歷經一段長時間。』因為,
It is in real-life stories that you can encounter human nature and all its complexity.
只有在活生生的生活中,你才會遇到人性和其全部的複雜面』。

*人性有善惡,美麗與醜陋之面,而真實生活可以反映真正的人性,且時代無論如何進步或改變,人性不變(Human nature remains unchanged至於性善、性惡則屬另一回事。

C. “If you would live for yourself, you should live for others, above all for your chosen friend.
若你願為自己而活,你就該為他人而活,尤其是你所精挑細選的友人。』

*東方人比較傾向為他人而活,尤其是為自己親人、父母或子女。西方人則為自己而活,但仍會為後代幸福着想,看看幾位西方社會的世家,生前如何為其家族承先啓後。他們還驕傲地將其名字,明列排行的世別,如 Henry Ford III (福特三世),華人則僅把家族世別登列於祖先排位上。

D.     We are foolish, but we cannot be any other way so we
may well relax and live with it.
我們雖是愚蠢的,但也無能為力,只好放輕鬆,隨遇而安地過日子吧。』 因為
Relaxation and affability are not merely useful talents, they are essential to living well
放鬆自己與易於相處不僅是有用的天分,而且是過好日子不可或缺的條件。』他們又以為
Life requires balance, and a safe space to quiet the mind and relax.” 生活需要均衡,需要安全的空間來冷靜頭腦並放鬆自己。』

*東方人認為「道生於安靜,命生於和暢」,「天地不可一日無和氣」。又認為,「心平氣和斯為載道之器」,「靜字可以益壽」,「天地間真滋味,惟靜者能嚐得出」,看來心境平衡才是人生之道。

E.      If you became bored or depressed in your retirement, just look around and interest yourself in variety & sublimity of things.”
退休後如感到無聊或厭煩,就放眼看看四周,並對東西的種類及其令人興奮的一面,產生興趣。

*許多人退休後無所事事,心裡煩悶,久而久之生活失去平衡,若能從生活小事中得到樂趣,也許可調回生活之樂趣。日本文壇泰斗-芥川龍之介,在其名著「雜事」一文中,主張人生を幸福にするためにわ 日常の瑣事を愛いさ なけでばならぬ-中譯為求人生幸福,對於日常瑣事不得不喜愛。應有類似看法(芥川另一名著為羅生門)

「芥川龍之介」的圖片搜尋結果

   
F. If I had to live over again, I would live as I have lived.
如果不得不再活一次的話,我願再過一次這樣的生活。』

*有此想法者,必定今生過得心滿意足,但對有些「生不如死」的人-例如受盡生活或病痛折磨的人,恐難有相同樂觀的想法吧。但西方人似乎以此句,來激勵較悲觀的人。

G.One should be able to accept everything just as it is, willingly without giving in to the futile longing to change it.” 『我們應能甘願接受現狀,隨遇而安地過活,而不要屈服於無效的渴望,來改變它。』

*人生本來也就是如此(That’s the way life is.) 有些人且還能逆來順受,「恨命莫怨天」,的確了不起。

H. “Life does not remind you that it is running out.  The only one who can keep you mindful of this is YOU.
生命不會提醒你-你的歲月正在消失中。唯一能提醒你注意的該是你自己。』

*曾幾何時,而今鬢毛已衰,「不知明鏡裡,何處得秋霜」-(李白詩)秋霜,即白髮也,為感嘆之語。東方人比喻為,『人生若塵露,人命似朝霜』,韶光易逝,歲月不待人,西諺則謂 “Time and tide wait for no men.”

To be continued 未完


Justin Lai (賴正雄

2012年寫於美國


02/02/2016

重修於加州