英語漫談系列
〔One car per green.〕(11)
*美國有些高速公路的進口處為管制交通量,有匝道紅綠燈設定置,在燈下有一塊牌子寫著︰〔One car per green.〕=one vehicle is
allowed when the green light is on. 『每次綠燈只准
通行一部車』。這是很傳神的詞句。per green = per green
(light),用詞簡潔有力,若再加
light則顯嚕囌。看起來似像商業廣告,其實是交通規定(traffic regulation)。每部車子通行
的間隔時間約訂為20-30秒,依rush hours (尖峯時刻) 之需要而定。但若行駛在carpool lane
(共乘車道)則無此限制)。
carpool: ”Two or more passengers per vehicle” 每部小車至少須有兩位以上乘客。
vanpool共乘箱型(麵包)車
per = each含「比例上的每一」,如:kph即等於kilometers per hour 公里/小時;mph= miles per hour 英哩/小時〕。
比較:*per另作介系詞= through, by means of 藉,依據 (正式文書用字)
*P~ (In
accordance with) your request, the package regarding this proposal will
be sent to you.為配合你的請求,有關本提案整套計畫書會寄給你。
*P~ our dialogue yesterday, you agree
to pay us $500 to make up for the loss. 根據昨日對話,
你同意賠償我們500元的損失。以上兩句為正式用法。
a. Each of the boys (= Each boy) is to hand
in his assignment by Friday. 星期五前每位男孩都必須繳家課。
b. Every girl (= All girls are) must take his turn taking
care of the garden. 全體女孩 都必須輪流照顧苗圃。
【以上 a 句強調「個體之每一」;b句則強調「全體之每一
」】
*Tom, Dick
and Harry each put
forward a different scheme (Tom, Dick and Harry 每人提出一個
不同計畫。)
Tom,
Dick and Harry 亦可譯為“阿貓阿狗” 指普通一般人
*It’s Tom,
Dick and Harry’s favorite.它是阿貓阿狗的最愛。
everybody:】
《He who tries to please everybody pleases nobody.》(老少騎驢)
【each 可作形容詞或代名詞。every僅作形容詞,可接抽象名詞,each則不可】:
*We have every right (reason) to speak
our mind. 我們有充分的權利(理由)表達內心看法。
*These
problems must be solved in every means
conceivable (=all possible means) 這些難題
必須用所有可能的方法解決。(means n. 方法或手段,其單複數同形)
*可以用『each of +n. 』 但不可用『every of +n. 』。
例:They give the children three books each. (= apiece) 他們給每一位小孩三本書。
注意:上句中的each不可用per取代
【each other 彼此互相-(双方之間),作代名詞片語;every other+n. 則指動作之次數】:
How
often did you visit your uncle? 你每隔好久看一次叔叔? Every other
month. (兩個月
一次) =every two months = every second month。
Justin Lai, 09/08/ 2011
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