字詞研究 (8)

字詞研究 (8)

現在進入以字母b為首的字彙

20) beside / besides:  

 

1.     beside (介詞 )在…之側. I parked my car ~ hers. 我把車子停放在她車子之旁。亦可指看不見的：This is something ~ the point. (question) 與本題無關= irrelevant= This has nothing to do with the point.。另He is ~ himself with joy/(rage)得意忘形 (氣得抓狂)

2. besides

a. (介詞) = in addition to 除…. 外還有 (可置於句中或句首)

~ English, we learn a second language. = We learn a second language ~ English.  除英文外，我們
學第二外國語。

Besides playing mahjong once a week, my uncle takes to gardening. 除了每週打一次麻將外，我叔父還喜歡園藝。

b. (連接性的副詞) = moreover = furthermore = in addition 而且。We don’t feel like going to the movies; ~, it is raining. 我們不想去看電影；況且還正下著雨呢。

21) bitter / biter / batter/ butter/ better:    

1. bite vt.咬 ~ bit bitten ; n. 咬一口；biter n.咬者；騙子   = swindler。The ~ is bit  咬人者反被咬—喻「騙人者反受騙。」“Do not bite more than you can chew.” 量力而為。

注意：It is bitten它被咬。It is beaten它被擊敗。

比較：. “Do not be a hero.” 『別逞強』。”Barking dogs won’t bite.” 『吠狗不咬人』。He bit his lips, going on with his job. (他咬緊牙根繼續工作。n. have a bite吃一口東西

It is biting cold. 嚴寒。frost bite n. 凍傷

2. bitter a.苦的；~ nut (苦果) 嚴酷的 ~ winter 嚴冬；~ criticism 嚴厲批評；a ~ rival 死敵。to the bitter end= fight to the end拚到底：We have no choice but to fight to the bitter end. 除了拼到底外，我們別無選擇。

Obama, the candidate fights“bitter” battle.侯選人奧巴馬陷入苦戰。(fight a battle打一塲仗)

Jane had a bitter remembrance of her first love. Jane 有著第一次的戀愛痛苦的回憶。台灣俗語謂：『失戀像吃香蕉皮』Why? Because it tastes bitter. 因其味道苦澀。

【Good medicine tastes ~.】『良藥苦口』。You are a ~ fool. 痛苦的儍瓜。

比較：

bitters n. 苦的事：We should be brave enough to taste the sweets and bitters of life. 我們應敢備嚐人生的酸甜苦辣。

bummer n. 苦的東西 (俚語)

“Life can be a ~ - full of hurt, pain and sadness.” 人生充滿受傷、痛苦與悲傷。

sour a. 酸的；~ grapes酸葡萄 意謂：jealousy 嫉妒；

soar v. 升高；soaring ceilings 挑高天花板

spicy a. 辣的 ~ food 辣的食物；pepper n. 辣椒；green~ 青椒；red ~ 紅椒

sweet a.甜的；~ potato 蕃薯

 

Life was ~, dear; life was a song. (親愛的，過去生活是甜蜜的；它是一首充滿歡樂的歌曲。) * 《a sugar report 一封情書，比love letters高雅》

3. batter v. 重創；重擊

This is an opportunity or disaster for ~ ed Bush. 對於已遭受重大打擊的布希總統，這是轉機或危機(大災變)。

n. 打擊手 (棒球)

4.butter n. 奶油，

a. Bread and butter is his daily breakfast. 他的早餐是奶油麵包。(本句動詞應用單數)

b. We wrote them a bread- and- butter letter, thanking them for hosting us.為感謝他們的招待，我們寫了一封感謝信。

c. Ed earned his bread and butter as a bookkeeper. Ed靠做記帳員謀生。

* bottle n. 瓶子，traffic ~ -neck交通瓶頸

5. better a. adv. be better off 更富裕；gain the ~ of 勝過 To gain the better of the adversary, we need courage and perseverance. 要戰勝敵人，需要勇氣與堅忍。

He considered calling her up, but thought better of it. 他考慮給他電話，後來卻改變主意。(沒打)

better 前加had成為一助動詞，後接原形：

He had better take actions before talking to his better half. 最好採取行動，在和太太講之前。(better half= wife= the other half 另一半)

vt. 改善；betterment n.

《New knowledge of the brain will be the most significant source of human betterment. 腦部器官的新知識，將是改良人類最具意義的來源》。

22) bleach / breach:

1. breach v. 衝破；攻破，n.違約

a. You are in breach of the payment of amounts due. 你違約未付該付的款項。

b. “A material ~ is failure to pay rent or perform other obligations called for in the lease.” 實質的違約乃未付房租或未履行租約規定的義務。(default n. 違約)- 此句為正式法律用語

2. bleach n.漂白水；bleachers (球場) 露天看臺；其他類似情形

23) Capitol/ capital:    

1. Capitol n. (國會議堂) ；通常以大寫起首； the C ~ Hill 美國國會山莊

2. capital 發音和上字同

a.主要的 ~ punishment死刑= ~ crime =~ offense；~ letter 大寫字

A capital offense will cost you your life. 死刑的犯罪會要你的命。

b. ~ n. 資金 ~ gains以資金投資獲得利潤；資方 ~ and labor 勞資雙方；比較：principal n. 本錢

capitalist n. 資本家；Venture Capitalist (願承擔風險的創投出資人) 簡稱 VC 

* entrepreneur n. (源自法文) 企業家；enterprise n. 企業

c. 首都capital 可作雙關語 (pun) 用：

"Rome is equal to 'I' because it is the Capital of Italy."   

羅馬等於 I ; 因為它是義大利的首都；或 Italy 這個字起首的大寫字母。

Justin Lai, 06/26/2013

jlai77168@gmail.com