文法淺釋系列 (62)

文法淺釋系列 (62)

文法(grammar)與句型(sentence patterns)

四、 副詞 (Adverb)：修飾：動詞、形容詞、另一副詞、

全句(前、後述)

24) direct與directly之分別：

1. direct 可作 adj 和 adv.  (直接的)；~ line  專線電話

Can you give me a ~ answer to the question?   你能給我問題的直接答案？

The next flight does not go ~ (adv.) to L.A.  It flies by way of Japan.

下一班飛機不直飛洛杉磯；它經由日本。

** 直飛班機  a non-stop flight     

2. directly：

 i. adv. (副詞)

a. = in a direct manner: (直接地)                    

 D~ opposite him sat a beautiful young lady. 就在他正對面坐著一位年輕貌美女士。

(本句用倒裝句)

b. = at once; in a short time 即刻 Come to my office ~.   立刻來我辦公室。

ii. conj. (連接詞) = as soon as = the moment = the instant = the minute 剛 ..就…                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

D~ I saw him, I knew I had met him before.  我一看到他，就知道曾經見過他。

D~ I drink it, I am in paradise. 一喝了它，我就感覺快樂似神仙。                 

(註：be in paradise 很舒服；paradise n. 樂園)

Directly he saw his mother, he went towards her. (他一見到他母親就走向她。)

                               

25) since與before之分別：

1. since作adv. “自從…以來” 通常置於句末。有時可在其前加 ever以加強語氣

They have not made any improvement ever since. 從那時以來，他們迄未作任何改進。I received his last e-mail in June.  I have not heard from him since.  

(六月我收到他最後一封電子郵件；迄今未接獲他任何訊息)。            

2.before 與 present perfect tense (現在完成式) 連用，表示從過去到 現在為止的狀態或經驗。

例：We have not heard of his name before.  我們從未聽過他的名字。         

 故原句若用before,則其義為  “我從未接獲他的任何資訊。” 顯與前面句子不符。

 3. hear 的用法：

a. ~ + Obj. ：直接聽到：

Can you ~ me? 聽到我嗎?  Sorry, I can’t  ~ you.  抱歉，聽不到。

比較： Knock it off ! Do you hear me?  別再胡鬧了! 聽到了沒?                           

* Can you hear me?  指- (你能聽得見我?) * Do you hear me?   (聽到了沒?) 含”不悅”的語氣   

*比較： Do you read me?  (你明白我意思嗎？)

b. ~ + of + Obj. (人或事物) 間接聽到

 I never heard of (him) this name before. 從未聽過 (他)這名字。

c. ~ from + 人 (不可接事情) 接到某人音訊，如原句

03/07/2014

Justin Lai編

英語漫談

珍贵的五彩花卉

珍贵的五彩花卉

More PowerPoint presentations from Justin Lai

03/06/2014

字詞研究 (58)

字詞研究 (58)

第二章：字源/字根相同字 (Words with Identical Roots) ：

27) confine /define / refine:

 finis  (拉丁文) = end 結束：

1. define vt. 下定義 = give the definition of….

a. How do your ~ love? = What is your definition of love? 你如何給愛下定義 ? 

                       

b. The first job of any leader is to define the real situation he or she is in.

任何領袖的第一項工作，就是把他或她的處境給個定義。

c. We begin an occasional series on the architecture that ~s the city, past and present. 

我們開始一項偶而的系列，報導有關詮釋本市之過去和現在的建築。

2. confine v. 監禁 confinement   n. solitary  ~單獨監禁

Steve McQueen, the movie star, was confined for being absent without leave.

史提. 麥崑，這位電影明星因不假外出而被監禁。 AWOL：不假外出

3. refine vt. 提煉   refinery  n. 煉油廠

《Traditions that have long defined ocean travel have been refined for a new generation

seeking sophistication and romance.》

長期以來，詮釋海上旅行的傳統，已經為追求世故與浪漫的新世代而精修改良。

(本句將define 與refine 寫成一個好句子)

28) considerate / considerable:                 

         

consider v. 考慮

1. considerate a. (指人) 關心的; 體貼的 = thoughtful

 It is very ~ of you to say so nice words. = You are very considerate to say so nice words.

你們講這樣客氣話真是貼心。

注意 ：It is considerate of + 人 + to + V. …. 句型。consideration n. 體諒

* In ~ of others, please refrain from talking. 請勿 (在電影院) 說話以體諒別人。

~ 考慮，take + 事into ~

2.considerable  (指數目或數量) 相當多的 = great ; much ；~ amount (sum) 

of money 相當多的金錢； ~ number of applicants 相當多的應徵者

03/05/2014

英語漫談

How did they get mortgage?

How did they get mortgage?他們如何取得房貸?

03/04/2014

世界著名建築

世界著名建築

More PowerPoint presentations from Justin Lai

03/04/2014

文法淺釋系列 (61)

文法淺釋系列 (61)

文法(grammar)與句型(sentence patterns)

四、 副詞 (Adverb)：修飾：動詞、形容詞、另一副詞、

全句(前、後述)

22) 連接詞+ ever:

a. ever (曾經) 多半用在獨立疑問句：

Did you ever meet with such a problem before?  你曾遇到這樣的難題?

Yes, I did once.  是的， 我遇過。No, I never. 不，從未。 (肯定句用 once ；否定用 never)

b. as ~ ；than~ ；if ~ ；that….ever

He is as cautious as ever. (他像從前那麼小心。)

常用在從屬連接詞所引導的子句中：原句

= He is as cautious as he ever was (cautious) ；他例：

i. He is more cautious than ever. (= than he ever was)   他比從前更小心。

 *Mr. Walnut warned that the Pentagon bureaucracy was as resistant to change as ~. Walnut先生警告說美國五角大厦(國防部)一如往昔，拒絕改變。

ii. Joshua works harder than ever. (= than he ever did)  Joshua 比從前更努力。

iii. He is seldom, if ever, at home. (= if he ever was)  他很少在家。比較：

a. George is the most malicious person that I ever met.

=I never met a more malicious person than George我從未遇到比George 更惡毒的人。

b. I don’t think people shall ever forget the massacre of Jews during World War II.

我想人們忘不了二次大戰期間猶太人之被大屠殺。

*He is as great a soldier as ever shouldered a gun. (他是有史以來偉大軍人之一)。

上句第一個as 是副詞修飾great，第二個as是關係代名詞，前述詞為solider ，ever  是副詞修飾動詞shouldered  。

上句= He is one of the greatest soldiers that ever shouldered a gun.  

                                                                                                                                                                   23) When do you think he will take over the job? (你以為他何時會接管這工作？)

When will he take over the job? When 為疑問副詞，此句為直接問句；若當

作為某些及物動詞 之受詞，即作間接問句時，When 必須置於句首。

 比較：

a. Do you know when he was caught by the police?  你知道他何時被警方逮捕？ (when 不可置於句首)                

b. When do you suppose (assume, guess) he handed in the paper?  你以為他何時繳卷？

c. Where do you think he found the wallet?  你以為他在何處找到皮夾？

d. Who do you think you are to stand out against all the people? 你自以為是

何許人物，竟敢與全民作對？

e. How can you imagine he won the Oscar Award?  你能想像他如何贏得奧斯卡

金像獎？

f. How many messages do you imagine reach your brain each second? 你想像到

每秒鐘有多少訊息傳到你的大腦?

Justin Lai 編

03/03/2014

英語漫談

五個會錯意

五個會錯意

誤會一：

今天加班，女同事帶了袋牛奶放在熱水器上加熱，男同事準備去打開水，女同事輕聲說：你摸摸我的奶熱不熱？

男同事說，人多著呢，女同事說，沒關係呀，摸摸又不是讓你喝..

誤會二：

公司老闆在公司找不到二兒子，正好碰到女財務部經理，便問：看見我老二了嗎？

經理臉一紅，低聲說：我一直想看，您不給機會。

誤會三：

男女相親，在茶館面對面坐，語拙無題，男生主動挑起話題，妳是怎樣看待房巿的?

女方一楞低頭沈默許久，說：只要姿勢不要太奇怪，我會儘量配合，但一定要讓我叫出來!

誤會四：

男同學到女同學工作的城市出差，女到飯店探望。談天正投緣，聊到個人收入，問女：你稅後多少錢，

女臉一紅，弱弱回答：同學要睡還提啥錢，今天上床就算我請你吧!

誤會五:

今天下午我的一個男性友人去速食店,剛好手機沒電 
我朋友就問女店員:你們有電源嗎? 
她說: 先生~~ 我就是店員! 
我朋友說: 我要可以插的電源! 
女店員給了我的朋友一巴掌

03/02/2014

英語漫談