2015年7月6日 星期一

文法淺釋- (112)

文法淺釋- (112)

文法(grammar)與句型(sentence patterns)

八、動狀詞  (Verbal) (又稱變體動詞)

43) Gone are the days when we were young and gay. (我們曾經年輕和歡樂的日子已經過去了。)
          
1.     原句應為:The days when we were young and gay are gone. 句中 when…gay
為形容詞子句修飾主詞 the days.     
           
     *曾有一部電影 To Sir with Love中譯「吾愛吾師」, 其中主題曲,
       有一句歌詞”Those school days of biting nails are gone…” 從前年輕時在學校咬
指甲(年輕而無憂慮)的時光 已經過去了…”

Image result for to sir with love

2.    The ‘Jewel of the Colorado’ is gone for good. 柯羅拉多之珠 (湖名) 永遠消失了。

3. S. + be + gone; 句中主詞也可以是”, 比較:
        He is going 他將去。He is gone  (他走了= He left. He died. 他過世了。)
       **注意:可以說You are going.”, 但,不可說” You are gone.”                                        
     
*〔曾經有兩位癌症末期患者住在同一「安樂」(尊嚴死) 病房內, 因為同病
     相「鄰」每天天亮時,彼此會看看對方床鋪是否空著 (因過世而被抬走)
,若對方還在」, 會彼此安慰地說:“I am so glad that you are not gone
很高興你尚未走 (die)! )

    **  “Gone with the Wind描寫美國南北戰爭的一部小說, 中文譯作「飄」
(取自原作中之一句-  “  …the civilization is gone with the wind.” 此文明隨風
而逝;為何中文版作此譯?令人不解。) ,它曾被拍為電影;中文片名卻譯作
「亂世佳人」由Clark Gable  Vivien Leigh 合演;曾轟動多年,屬電影中之
classic (經典)

Image result for gone with the wind

比較
   a. He is too far gone to reason. = He has gone too far to reason.
     他太過分了,以致於昏了頭。 (失去理智)
     Doctors worked furiously for 30 minutes to revive her even though her heart and lungs were too far gone to respond.  醫生們慌亂地花了30分鐘要使她甦醒,即使她早就沒有了心肺功能。

Image result for he has gone too far

    b. He is gay 他高興。                  
He is a gay  他是位男同性戀者。 = He is homosexual.  
Gay marriage is approved in some states.  在某些州同性戀結婚法案被通過。

   * 注意:不可說:She is a gay.  應說:She is a lesbian  女同性戀。
Image result for gay marriage   Image result for lesbians



44) Wind-pushed waves crash into the pier in the Panama City Beach, Fa.
(由強風推入的海浪,入佛州巴拿馬市海灘上的橋墩。)
  
     名詞-p.p. (vt) 通常作限制用法, 後接名詞
A. wind-pushed waves = waves (which are) pushed by wind 風吹起的浪花
    frost-bitten  hands = hands (that are) bitten by frost 飽經風霜的雙手                     
    sun-burned face = face (that is ) burned by the sun 太陽曬黑的面孔                         
    sugar-coated pill = pill (that is) coated with sugar 糖衣藥丸
                                          
  B. * U.S. courts open the way to physician-assisted suicide.  Doctors must
    figure out what that means.  美國法庭開放藉醫生幫助的自我解脫的方法。醫生
們必須去瞭解其意義。  

Image result for physician assisted death
        
Joe Walker wades in hurricane-driven floodwaters in St. Marks.
      Joe Walker 在聖馬克市被颶風帶來的洪水中涉水而過。
      (drive v. 驅趕 ~ drove driven)

Caffeine-laden energy drinks are very popular, but experts disagree on their
possible benefits.雖然含咖啡因的提神飲料很流行,但專家們對於它們可能的益處卻有不一致看法

Image-laden DVDs and retractable art are changing the flat- pane plasma TVs.
            外面滿布畫像的DVD,和可伸縮自如的藝術,正改變平面的電漿電視機
的外觀
   The Lincoln performs, with a sport-tuned suspension. 這部林肯汽車跑起來具有
跑車的避震器調適感。
比較
 hard-earned money = money that is earned by working hard 血汗掙來的錢
ill-gotten money = money which is gotten in a dishonest way 不義之財
    *** quick and easy money  橫財

       adv- ving / -p.p.:
     But the poor and fast-growing places are not the only ones with a hunger for coal.
     可是貧困與快速成長的地區並非唯一渴望獲得燃煤的國家。他例:
ever-changing rules 一再改變的規則

           India and some other Asian countries will become highly-developed countries.
           印度及其它亞州國家將成為高度發展國家。他例:commonly-adopted methods
遍被採用的方法

*名詞-ing 通常作限制用法, 後接名詞
Impeach the justices who refuse to respect the US constitution and the law-abiding.
彈劾那些拒絕尊重美國憲法與守法人們的大法官們。(law-abiding citizens)

Image result for law-abiding citizen

energy- saving lights 省電燈具(*adj.代替,fuel-efficient vehicles省油汽車)
;time-wasting public hearing費時的公聽會

Image result for energy saving light bulbs


07/06/2015

Justin Lai





沒有留言:

張貼留言