文法淺釋- (108)

文法淺釋- (108)

文法(grammar)與句型(sentence patterns)

八、動狀詞  (Verbal) (又稱變體動詞)

33) She seems to have been a beauty when young.(年輕時，她似乎曾是位美女。)

       

1.     when young = when she was young  注意：seem (ed) to + V 屬簡單式不定詞片語，其動作發生時間與主動作seem(ed) 同時：

       She seems to be a beauty. (她似乎是位美女。)

        = It seems that she is a beauty,  所指時間是現在，與後述動作不符

 2. 附屬子句之動作比主要子句動作早時，改為單句時應用完成式不定詞：

 to + have + p.p.

There seem to have been some neglect. = It seems that there was some neglect.

似乎曾有疏忽。他似乎忘了我名字。

a. It seems that he forgot my name.= He seems to have forgotten my name.

b.It seemed that he had forgot my name. = He seemed to have forgot my name                        

 ** 注意：

在…It seems that + 子句之句型中，seem 前面之主詞不可用人，物及人稱代名詞 ( it 除外) ：

He seems that he is worn out. (誤) 他似乎精疲力盡。

He seems to be worn out. (正) = It seems that he is worn out.  (注：appear 之用法

與 seem 同)

He appears to have solved all his marital problems by himself.  

看來他已經獨自解決了他的婚姻難題。

34)Tom is said to have left San Francisco in 2004 (據說他在2004年離開三藩市。)

                

     原句 = It is said that Tom left San Francisco in2004.  因 leave 之時間比 is said 早

     比較 It was said that Tom had left before 1998. 據說1998年以前Tom 就走了。

               = Tom was said to have left before 1998.

     上述兩句均表明動作時間有先後之分。

35)  Weather permitting, the athletic meet will be held as scheduled.

        (天氣許可的話，運動會會如期舉行。)

          

 1. permit v. 允許 其過去式及過去分詞為 ：permitted     permitted                        

Weather permitting, = If weather permits, 是一獨立片語；不可用allowing 代替permitting；

另指天氣不佳，常用inclement (嚴酷的)，

Due to ~ weather, we postponed our event. 因天氣不佳，擬舉行的項目延後。

2. allow vt. 准許 ~ + n. + to +V.                          

N. + (be) + ~ ed. “No food and pets ~ ed. “ 不准帶食物或寵物入內  

3. as scheduled = as it (運動會) is scheduled  如所預訂的；schedule  v. 預訂

    She is ~ to arrive here in May.  她預訂五月到達此地。

    Justin Lai 編

    05/29/2015