字詞研究 (100)

字詞研究 (100)

第二章：字源/字根相同字

(Words with Identical Roots)

123) regretful/ regrettable:

regret  n. v. 後悔

1.regretful 人對某事感後悔 ； 人 + be + ~ ful over + 事

Mark was regretful over the decision to close the theater.  Mark 對於要結束戲院營業的決定感到後悔。

2. regrettable adj. 指某件事令人遺憾, 後悔，含同情諒解別人之意；

常見用法為：

It is regrettable that he should have died at such a young age.

= It is to be regretted that he should have died at such a young age.

= Regrettably, he should have died at such a young age.

令人遺憾的是他竟英年早逝。  * (人+ die young   夭折或英才早逝)

【比較】：

a.     reprehensible：對非常惡劣的行為與人品之嚴重譴責:

the ~ diffidence of public officials in taking stands on the crises of the day (官方人員在當前危 機中採取立場時那種應受譴責的躊躇不 決

b.     deplorable : 對於任誰都無過失的事情之驚訝與哀傷：

the ~ accident that crippled her for life (使她終身跛足的意外事件)

124) related/relative/relevant:

以上三字均由relate 轉成：

1.related 與…..有關係的

My name is Tony Bush, but I’m not ~to the Bush family.  在下雖名叫東尼‧布希，

但與布希總統家族無關。

2. relative  a. 相關聯的；~ pronoun關係代名詞；比較上的；成比例的

~ly adv. 成比例地）；相對地

The oxygen demand on arteries is ~ ly low when you’re at rest, so symptoms go away

with rest. 當你休息時氧氣需求相對地低，因此，休息了症狀就消失。

同意字：contingent; applicable

relation n. 關係；親戚; relationship n.

Tom is a relation of mine.  Tom 是我親戚。

People who are overweight may have trouble forming meaningful relationships.

體重過重者或許難與他人建立有意義的關係。

同意字：connection; association; similarity

3. relevant a. 切題的 = to the point； irrelevant 不相關聯的

同意字：suitable; appropriate; pertinent; applicable

Justin Lai (賴正雄) 編

05/06/2015