文法淺釋- (115)

文法淺釋- (115)

文法(grammar)與句型(sentence patterns)

九、 主詞與動詞之一致 (Agreement)：

5)  Your contribution, in addition to other funds, assures the success of our campaign. (除了其他基金外，你們的捐也確保我們競選活動的成功。)

1. 本句主詞是 contribution, 而非 funds (作 to 之受詞)

2. 意義上是複合主詞，但結構上是單一主詞，決定後接動詞之單複數：

結構上的主詞 + besides, with, together with, along with, like, etc. + 意義上另一

主詞 +動詞：

a. The boss together with his employees is to attend the meeting. 老闆和他員工們要出

席會議。

b. Intimate knowledge and involvement of the community along with a keen sense of

design, functionality and precision execution is what differentiates the best.

親切認知與參與這個社區，連同有關設計、功能與準確執行的敏銳感就是構成

最佳品質的要素。

(上句主詞為Intimate knowledge and involvement of the community, knowledge and

Involvement看作一件事，故接單數動詞)

c.Bill, like many of his relatives, thinks conservatively.  

Bill 像他許多親戚們一樣想法保守。

d.     A bunch of wildflowers, besides some sweet potatoes was carried home.  除了一些

蕃薯外，又帶了一束野花回家。

6)  Working under these unfavorable conditions is exasperating.

(在這些不利的情況下工作是令人惱怒。)

       

1. 以動名詞 Ving 或 不定詞 to + V 作為句子主詞， 應接單數動詞：

Trespassing on these grounds is prohibited.   禁止闖入這些地域。Private property. 

No trespassing.   私人產業。 禁止闖入。

〔Finding an acting class is just like trying on clothes – you have to find something

 that fits.〕找到一個演戲班就像試穿衣服一樣- 你須找合身的。

2. To work for three hours without a break is hardly tolerable. . 連續工作三小時幾乎

令人無法忍受 。

“To listen is an effort, and just to hear is no merit. A duck hears also.” 傾聽是努力，而

僅僅漫不在意的聽，就一點也不是優點；因為鴨子也有聽覺，卻不懂意思。( 所謂

‘鴨子聽雷-台灣諺語)   - Igor Stravinsky  (著名音樂家-史特拉斯基)

但若兩個動狀詞表示兩件事時，應接複數動詞：

Decades of research demonstrate that enjoying reading and reading well are the biggest

factors in a child’s school success.

幾十年的研究指出，喜歡讀書和讀得好是小孩學業成績的兩大要素。(斜體字

enjoying 與reading 為are 之主詞)

Justin Lai 編

08/06/15