文法淺釋- (120)

文法淺釋- (120)

文法(grammar)與句型(sentence patterns)

十、連接詞 (Conjunctions)

1)  Today the country is suffering from too much prosperity, but thirty years ago it was suffering from too little.

(今天這個國家正苦於過度繁榮，而三十年前它卻過度貧窮。)

        

1. 本句前後所敍述的是相反 (contrast) 意思，故應用 but 連接；其他如， still,

however, yet, nevertheless, also;, etc. ；而and 則連接兩個連貫 (addition) 的事物，

如：

  then; besides;  furthermore (而且); likewise (同樣地)

 2. 除上述外，對等連接詞尚有表示選擇 (choice) 如： or; nor; otherwise;   either

…or…; neither…nor 和表示結果 (result) 如， hence; therefore; consequently;

 accordingly, etc

** 注意：

上列有劃線的字屬於連接性的副詞 (conjunctive Adverb) ；其餘則屬對等連接詞

 (coordinating conjunction)

2)  Not only did we see a funny show, but we also watched comedians doing improvisations.

(我們不但看到滑稽表演，而且又觀賞了丑角們的即席隨興表演。)

...not only…but also …是對等連接詞, 其所連接的部分須對等。例：

                   

a. He is not only smart but (also) diligent.  他不但聰明而且用心。(smart and diligent

均為形容詞)

 b. They not only cried but yelled at us.   他們不但哭而且對我們咆哮。( but 連接兩個

主要動詞, cried 和yelled ) 但，

John is not only happy but also feels like taking a vacation.

上句所連接的前後部分不對稱；happy adj. 而 feels like…則是動詞 片語。若改為

下句則屬正確：

John not only feels happy but also feels like taking a vacation.  John 不但感到快樂而且

很想渡假。                                                 

i. not only… but…若連接兩個獨立句子， 前面的句子須用倒裝句，如本句；

但，neither…nor…則前後兩句均須倒裝。

** 比較：

ii. Neither did they feel shocked nor did they get hurt.他們既不感震驚也未受傷。

 iii. Students were either tired out or they had no appetite at all. 學生們不是累壞了

就是毫無胃口。

** improvise   v. 即興演奏  improvisation  n.

09/30/2015

Justin Lai編