文法淺釋系列 (61)

文法淺釋系列 (61)

文法(grammar)與句型(sentence patterns)

四、 副詞 (Adverb)：修飾：動詞、形容詞、另一副詞、

全句(前、後述)

22) 連接詞+ ever:

a. ever (曾經) 多半用在獨立疑問句：

Did you ever meet with such a problem before?  你曾遇到這樣的難題?

Yes, I did once.  是的， 我遇過。No, I never. 不，從未。 (肯定句用 once ；否定用 never)

b. as ~ ；than~ ；if ~ ；that….ever

He is as cautious as ever. (他像從前那麼小心。)

常用在從屬連接詞所引導的子句中：原句

= He is as cautious as he ever was (cautious) ；他例：

i. He is more cautious than ever. (= than he ever was)   他比從前更小心。

 *Mr. Walnut warned that the Pentagon bureaucracy was as resistant to change as ~. Walnut先生警告說美國五角大厦(國防部)一如往昔，拒絕改變。

ii. Joshua works harder than ever. (= than he ever did)  Joshua 比從前更努力。

iii. He is seldom, if ever, at home. (= if he ever was)  他很少在家。比較：

a. George is the most malicious person that I ever met.

=I never met a more malicious person than George我從未遇到比George 更惡毒的人。

b. I don’t think people shall ever forget the massacre of Jews during World War II.

我想人們忘不了二次大戰期間猶太人之被大屠殺。

*He is as great a soldier as ever shouldered a gun. (他是有史以來偉大軍人之一)。

上句第一個as 是副詞修飾great，第二個as是關係代名詞，前述詞為solider ，ever  是副詞修飾動詞shouldered  。

上句= He is one of the greatest soldiers that ever shouldered a gun.  

                                                                                                                                                                   23) When do you think he will take over the job? (你以為他何時會接管這工作？)

When will he take over the job? When 為疑問副詞，此句為直接問句；若當

作為某些及物動詞 之受詞，即作間接問句時，When 必須置於句首。

 比較：

a. Do you know when he was caught by the police?  你知道他何時被警方逮捕？ (when 不可置於句首)                

b. When do you suppose (assume, guess) he handed in the paper?  你以為他何時繳卷？

c. Where do you think he found the wallet?  你以為他在何處找到皮夾？

d. Who do you think you are to stand out against all the people? 你自以為是

何許人物，竟敢與全民作對？

e. How can you imagine he won the Oscar Award?  你能想像他如何贏得奧斯卡

金像獎？

f. How many messages do you imagine reach your brain each second? 你想像到

每秒鐘有多少訊息傳到你的大腦?

Justin Lai 編

03/03/2014

英語漫談