文法淺釋- (100)

文法淺釋- (100)

文法(grammar)與句型(sentence patterns)

八、動狀詞  (Verbal) (又稱變體動詞)

12)  It being biting cold, there is hardly a soul to be seen in the street.

                  (因為天氣嚴寒； 路上行人絕跡。)

1.句 being 應指天氣，故其主詞為 it . It being cold, 為獨立片語  (如前述)

= Because it is biting cold.  因主要主詞為there，與表示天氣之主詞it不同，故

It不可省略。

  *2. It is biting cold = It is as cold as it is biting. (凍得咬人)； 前句之biting 作

      adverb 修飾 cold；類似用法如：

It is piercing cold   . = It is as cold as it is piercing  冷得刺骨。 比較：a bone-chilling

morning   酷寒的上午；The temperature fell well below zero in the biting wind. 在

寒風中溫度已降到零下好幾度。

It is burning hot. = It is as hot as it is burning. 熱得燙人。 

It is scorching hot. = It is as hot as it is scorching. 熱得如同燒焦一般。

* Some people died in the scorching heat wave in California. 有些人死於加州酷暑。

若指”潮濕” 可用

 We are soaking wet   = We are as wet as we are soaking.   我們濕透了。

 It is drenching wet. = It is as wet as it is drenched. 它濕透了。 soak = drench

 

13) There being no taxi, we walked home. (因為沒有計程車，我們走路回家。)

1 若原句用There was no taxi…則缺少一連接詞，若在 we之前加一連接詞 so (that)

“所以”； 或在句首加  Because亦可使原句故成為一完整的句子。

2.若把原句之 was 改為 being而使 There being成為一獨立片語。 (作 adv. 用，修飾

後面動詞 walked

3. There being = (As/ Because/ Since) + there was…. (因為)  there being

亦可構成一動名詞片語，作名詞之地位用： 例：

a.     I am not surprised at there being so many people interested in pop music.(介詞

at之受詞)

 =I am not surprised that there are so many people interested in pop music. 這麼多人

對熱門音樂感興趣，我不覺意外。

b. We did not anticipate there being so many V.I.P.’s at the inauguration. (作

appreciate之受詞)

=We did not anticipate that there were so many V.I.P.’s at the inauguration.

   我們並未期盼在就職典禮中有這麼多的達官顯要。

   比較：

   Such being the case, we cannot but give in to their demand. 既然情形如此，我們

不得不屈服於他們的要求。

   =Since such is the case…

Justin Lai編

04/01/2015