文法淺釋- (96)

文法淺釋- (96)

文法(grammar)與句型(sentence patterns)

八、動狀詞  (Verbal) (又稱變體動詞)

3) Bored with his long speech, students hissed at the speaker. (因對他長篇演講感厭煩，學生們對演講者發出噓聲。)

1. bore (vt.) 令人厭煩； pt: bored p.p. bored (人感厭煩) ； boring (a.) 指事令人

厭煩

      

2. 本句 bored 前面省略 (Being); Being bored…= Because they were bored  

  (注：通常以過去分詞引導的片語均表示被動， 置於句首時須有  逗號和主要句子隔開)

他例：    

a. Disappointed, frustrated, and discouraged, he gave up his attempt.

=Being disappointed, frustrated, and discouraged, he……

=Because (As) he was disappointed, frustrated, and discouraged, he…

因為失望， 挫折和沮喪， 他放棄了企圖。

b.Abandoned by his father, Tom Cruise grew up poor

= Because he was abandoned by his father, Tom Cruise was poor when he grew up.

由於被父親遺棄， Tom Cruise 長大時是貧窮。

c. Undaunted, they moved farther. 毫無畏懼，他們更向前移動。

d. The senator spoke out loudly to the audience, “United, we stand.” 

       參議員向聽大聲說：「團結， 我們才能生存。」 “〔Union is strength.”〕 

團結就是力量 。

       United, we stand. = If we are united, we stand. 本句是一 個過去分詞

或片語代替一個從屬子句；本句另一相對句子為：

Divided, (If we are divided,) we fall. 如不團結，我們就會被打敗。 

 

                 

l 〔Europeans are united in anger, fear, resignation.〕

            歐洲人憤怒地、 恐懼地、無奈地團結在一起。

     e. Greatly encouraged by the preliminary success in the primary, he went on. 因為受到在初選初期成就的鼓勵，他繼續做下去。

       = (Because he was) greatly encouraged by …….

 f. Inspired by men’s suiting, windowpane check lends an instant informality to any

room.

受到男裝的鼓勵，採用窗格子線條可給任何房間立即的隨和感。

註：inspired = As (windowpane is) inspired

比較：分詞片語作限制(attributive)用法時，置於所修飾之名詞/代名詞之前/后：

    

I think of Seattle as having a gray-green heart, a city shaped and tempered by nature

in land smoothed and nurtured glaciers, pocked by freshwater lakes and indented by

a saltwater shoreline. 

我認為西雅圖是具有灰綠色心臟的城市，它由自然形成與調和，在被磨平與被滋養的冰河土地上，同時又有許多淡水湖點綴著，與一個鹹水海岸線展現出其鋸齒形狀的地形。

Justin Lai  編著

02/11/15