文法淺釋- (107)

文法淺釋- (107)

文法(grammar)與句型(sentence patterns)

八、動狀詞  (Verbal) (又稱變體動詞)

30) We don’t expect there to be another error in the procedure. (我們未期待在程式

中還有錯誤。)

1. expect + that + S. +V. = expect + O. + to + V. ：

在本句中，there 既可作主格亦可作作受格 ；原句  = We don’t expect that there is another error in the procedure. 他例：

 We didn’t expect that he came so early. 我們未期待他這麼早來。

 = We didn’t expect him to come so early.       

*The snowfall is expected to ease overnight, but frigid temperatures are predicted into today. 降雪量預計將緩解，但是寒冷的氣溫預計到今天。

                              

2.  there + to+ V 應接在及物動詞之後, 如want, 但不可接在hope , wish 和

 desire 等動詞之後：

We hope him to be on time. (誤) We hope that he is on time. (正)

   *比較Let there be light in our life. 讓我們生命中有光。  

「注: 因 let 為使役動詞；其 後之  to 應省略.」

31)  Born (Having been born) in our time, he would have acted otherwise.

 (若他出生於我們的時代，他一定會有不同的作法。)

           有些分詞引導的構句 (Participial Construction) 可作條件子句用。  本句 Born in

 our time.. = If he had been born in our time,….. 他例

                                   

a.  Talking to him (= If you talked to him), you would take him for a green horn.

        你若同他講話，你會誤認他為生手。

         b.  Handled in a different way, things might work out well. 

        = If things were handled in a different way, they might work out well. 

如果用不同方法處理，事情或許會成功。

32) He is, so to speak, a walking dictionary. (他可以說是一本活字典，意即飽學之士。)

           

       so     so to speak 是一個mental parenthesis (附插片語) ， 大都置於句中， 或句末

(不可在句首)其地位為獨立不定詞片語，作副詞用， 修飾全句，等於

as it were。

“An inspiration is an idea which seems to enter the mind suddenly, and as it were, from without.”

靈感似乎是突然進入心裡的一種想法，而且可以說是從外界進入。

Justin Lai 編

05/22/2015