文法淺釋- 助動詞- 89

文法淺釋- 助動詞- 89


10) He is a very changeable person; in dealing with him you can not  be too careful.  (他是位善變的人，所以和他交往時，你愈小心愈好)。
 說明：

1. cannot +V:

 a. 沒有能力
i. Unless you train your body you cannot be an athlete, and unless you train your 
mind your cannot be much of a scholar.    
除非訓練身體，否則成不了運動員；除非訓練心智，否則成不了像樣的學者。
ii. You can take a horse to the river, but you cannot make him drink water.你能牽一匹馬到河邊，但無法逼牠喝水。(事在人為，强迫無法奏效)

b.表示禁止
You cannot check out five books at one time.你不可以一次借五本書。

2. can not + V….too…./cannot + V ….. enough / cannot + over ~V. / It is impossible to + over~ V….“無論如何….不為過…”

對於你為我們做的事，我們如何感謝也不夠。                        
 We cannot thank you enough for what you have done for us.    
 =We cannot thank you too much for what you have done for us.
 =We cannot overthank you for what you have done for us. 
=It is impossible for us to overthank you for what you have done for us.

《A book may be compared to your neighbor; if it be good, it cannot last too long; if bad, you cannot get rid of it too early. 》    

書本可以比喻是鄰居；好鄰居交往愈久愈好，壞鄰居則愈快擺脫愈好。

11)  We eat what we can; we can what we cannot.  (我們能吃得下的就吃下去； 吃不下的就裝罐)。 

 說明：
本句強調 can (能夠) 可作助動詞， 後接原形動詞；can  (裝罐) 作 Vt，後接
受詞：原句= We eat what we can (eat); we can what we cannot (eat)
 can  vt. 裝罐  can  n.  一罐 ，canned  adj. (裝罐的)   ~ food   罐頭食物
 canned music  指C.D，tape 錄音帶或 L.D. DVD,等。

*〔For many gym  goers, energy comes in a ~〕對許多運動員， 體力來自
一罐提神飲料。

注：a can = a ~ of + 食物或飲料；gym goers = persons who go to a gym 
(=gymnasium健身房)〕    比較：
We saw a saw saw a saw.  我們看到一把鋸子鋸一把鋸子 
1        2      3         4
 saw ：1. Vt 乃 see 之過去式2. n. 鋸子3. vt. 鋸 4  n. 鋸子

12)  He wishes that he could afford to stay in Ritz-Carlton, a luxury hotel.  (他但願能住得起麗緻那家豪華飯店)。
說明：

wish + that + S. + 過去式動詞/或 could / would + V …
這個動作多半指現在無法辦得到或 與事實相反：

a. You wish that you could manage it.  你但願能處理它-(其實不能。) 
 = It is a pity that you cannot manage it. 
= I am sorry that you cannot manage it. 

b.I wish that you would take care of it.  但願你願意照顧它； 其實你不願意。  
=I am sorry that you will not take care of it. 
*注意：

i. that 之子句用 could + V 表示”可能性” 或”能力” 如a 句; would + V 表示
“意志” 如b 句

ii. We wish we had enough fund. 但願我們有足夠資金。

iii. hope that + 子句 
(應該用直說法)    (指可能辦到之事) ：
We hope that peace will last forever.   希望和平永存。比較：
could表示比 can 婉轉

He could not fail to be touched by the admirable self-helping spirit which they had displayed. 他一定會被他們所表現出來，令人景仰的自助精神所感動。


Justin Lai 編

09/01/14